Initiatives such as Make in India and Aatmanirbhar Bharat seek to increase India's self-sufficiency by promoting domestic industry and reducing reliance on imported goods, the US Trade Representative has said in a report, observing that American exporters encounter "significant" tariff and non-tariff barriers in the country.
In its National Trade Estimate Report 2022 on foreign trade barriers, the US government agency responsible for promoting the American trade policy said that the United States has actively sought bilateral and multilateral opportunities to remove obstacles to India's market.
Nevertheless, US exporters continue to encounter significant tariff and non-tariff barriers that impede imports of US goods and services into India, the USTR said.
While the government has pursued ongoing economic reform efforts, it also continues to promote programmes such as Make in India (2014) and Aatmanirbhar Bharat (May 2020) that seek to increase India's self-sufficiency by promoting domestic industry and reducing reliance on foreign suppliers and imported goods, the report said.
According to the report, India has proposed and promulgated several data localisation requirements that would serve as significant barriers to digital trade between the US and India.
These requirements, if implemented, would raise costs for service suppliers that store and process personal information outside India by forcing the construction or use of unnecessary and redundant local data centres in India. The requirements could serve as market access barriers, especially for smaller firms, it said.
The USTR said that traders continue to be negatively affected by a lack of transparency with respect to new and proposed laws and regulations, and the lack of uniform notice and comment procedures, as well as inconsistent notification of these measures to the World Trade Organisation (WTO).
This, in turn, inhibits the ability of traders and foreign governments to provide input on new proposals or to adjust to new requirements. US stakeholders that continue to report new requirements are issued with inadequate public notice and comment periods, and/or inadequate consultation or notification at the WTO, it said.
This lack of transparency imparts a lack of predictability to the Indian market, diminishing the ability of US companies to enter or operate in India.
The United States continues to raise concerns regarding uniform notice and comment procedures with the Government of India, both bilaterally through the Trade Policy Forum and multilaterally in the WTO, the USTR added.
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